QUESTION: Does my blood type change after a Stem Cell Transplant (SCT) or Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT)?

 

  • A bone marrow harvest.

    A bone marrow harvest. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

    ANSWER: Yes.  The recipients blood type eventually changes to the donor type.  That means if you had a blood type of A+ prior to transplant and your donor had a blood type of O, eventually your blood type would become O.  I may take several weeks, possibly months for your original blood type to disappear, but eventually it will.

 

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Does Blood Type Matter With Sperm Donations?

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Blood type should be something you pay attention to when you’re searching for a sperm donor if: 1) You want your child’s blood type to match your own or your partner’s 2) You’re Rh negative, meaning you have a blood … Continue reading

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Possible Blood Type Digestion

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Blood Type A - People with Blood Type A are more likely to be slow oxidizers.  They are more able to tolerate carbohydrates in the diet, and may not have adequate stomach acid for digesting red meat and other rich proteins. … Continue reading

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Automated Blood Typing

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Immucor out of Norcross, Georgia won FDA approval to market the 4th generation NEO blood banking system. The system is fully automated and developed for use by high throughput labs. -Broad test menu: ABO/Rh Typing Weak D Rh Phenotyping Kell Phenotyping … Continue reading

Neanderthal Grave

Neanderthal DNA Sequencing

Neanderthal Silhouette

Neanderthal Silhouette (Photo credit: eriDNA sequencing is an extremely important tool in the fields of Genetics and Molecular Biology.

~ The Human Genome sequence was finished in 2001. That is 3,000,000,000 bits of information were decoded and put in order – a BIG job.

~ Now, using 38,000-year-old bone fragments, researchers have sequenced 3.7 billion base pairs of Neanderthal DNA.

Neanderthals are our closest relatives on the hominid family tree. We split from them about 500,000 years ago and for the next 475,000 years or so, modern humans and Neanderthals coexisted on the planet and sometimes even in the same region.

~ Neanderthals vanished about 30,000 years ago, leaving modern humans to inherit the Earth. Why humans ended up being more successful has long been a topic of debate.

~ Interestingly, the newly completed sequence shows that humans and Neanderthals have genomes that are 99.5 percent the same.

~ By comparing the human and Neanderthal genomes with that of our closest living relative, the chimpanzee, researchers hope to tell which genes changed very recently, giving modern humans an edge.

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Life Of A Red Blood Cell

The RBC lifetime is about 120 days The life cycle of a Red Blood Cell. a) Kidneys respond to a lower than normal oxygen concentration in the blood by releasing the hormone erythropoietin.  b) Erythropoietin travels to the red bone marrow and stimulates an increase in the production of red blood … Continue reading

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Cutter Incident

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In 1955 Cutter Labs in Berkeley, California was one of six laboratories in the United States that manufactured a polio vaccine.  The following is what I found regarding the lab and problems with the vaccine  produced: When the first injectable polio vaccine was tested on … Continue reading

By Mellissa B.
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Date By Blood Type

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  Blood Type Dating Women A – thinks about her lover all the time – can’t have sex without love – not sexually adventurous – can be difficult to seduce – when she falls in love, she falls deeply in love, and … Continue reading

By Mellissa B.
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Agglutination is …?

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Agglutination: When the blood of two people is mixed together, it clumps or forms visible chunks in the liquid plasma. The red blood cells become sticky and clump together.   This is what agglutination looks like                     … Continue reading

Bloodstone

Bloodstone

     Bloodstone, also known as Heliotrope has had a long history of use and power. The word Heliotrope is composed of the greek words for sun and turn. One of the ancient uses for the Bloodstone was to alter weather. The idea was to put a bloodstone in water and allow the stone to absorb the rays of the sun which in turn would cause formation of storms. The Middle Ages brought about the belief the red spots on the gemstone were the blood droplets of Jesus.  Christians believed when Jesus was on the cross, his blood fell on the ground at the foot of his cross creating Bloodstone. Early Christians thought the stone held the powers of Jesus, including the ability to make the wearer invisible. Cross jewelry was popularly fashioned with the bloodstone. Because of the stones believed power it was named The Martyr’s Stone. The blood stone was later thought of as a Hero’s Stone and was often placed in armored breast plates and on the hilt of swords for it’s ability to instill courage and strength in dangerous situations. The Bloodstone, also considered to be a very strong healing gemstone, allowed the wearer to remain courageous in battle despite the fall of others around him. Warriors also believed that if carried during battle, the bloodstone would stop bleeding if applied to the skin.

http://www.allaboutgemstones.com/gemstone_cutting_history.html

By Mellissa B.
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Chimgillas

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     When it comes to Chimps and Gorillas there are a lot of similarities between them and humans. Numerous studies on blood types, showed Chimpanzees have the blood type A and a very small amount of O, and they never have … Continue reading

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How Scientists Read Chromosome’s

Scientists use 3 key features to identify and read Human Chromosomes: Size: This is the most clear way to tell chromosomes apart. Banding pattern: Also called, Giemsa bands on the chromosomes make each pair unique. Centromere position: These are areas on chromosomes that look banded. They have … Continue reading

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Top 6 Groups Of People With A, B, AB, & O Blood

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Blood Type A, most commonly seen in: Blackfoot Indians, Sami People, The Andamanese, The Kikuyu, Armenian‘s and Maoris. * Please click on the highlighted links above for more information regarding the individual groups of people. Chart based on out of 100 people Blackfoot Blood Type B, most commonly … Continue reading

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What’s Up Coconut?

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     The juice inside of unripened (green) coconuts can provide potassium (600 mg/8 ounces), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and sugar (CHO).  Because coconut water  or juice has the same electrolyte balance as blood, making it isotonic, the juice has … Continue reading

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Panda Blood

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     In China, 99% of the population is Rh positive.  In fact Rhesus Negative Blood, also called Rh Negative is so very rare it is called Panda Blood. It is said that only 3 out of every 1,000 Chinese people … Continue reading

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FIV Similar To HIV

FIV is a retrovirus similar to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV also know as AIDS).  Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a viral infection that attacks the immune system of cats.  It is also know as Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Feline AIDS).  The immunodeficiency caused by the virus can promote a variety of symptoms including: Infections, impaired immune responses, anemia’s, gum and mouth infections, some types of cancer, and neurologic disease (much like in Humans having this similar disease).

                                                                     


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Salivary Proteins Used For Blood & Disease Typing

In the near future,  salivary proteins may replace blood tests as a diagnostic tool.  Researchers spend large amounts of time cataloguing “the complete salivary proteome”, which is a set of proteins in human saliva. Research in saliva proteomics and diagnostics is part of a nationwide effort to create a map of every human protein and every protein interaction, to see how they contribute to health and disease  and how they act as markers for disease states. Following instructions encoded by genes, protein make up the body’s organs and regulate cellular processes. Defining exact protein pathways on a comprehensive level will enable the development of early diagnostic testing and precise drug design.

http://www.zrtlab.com/test-kits/saliva-testing-kits.html

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Nutrients For Skin By Blood Type

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Suggestions for Blood Type AB skin…Green Tea, Apple Tea, Lime oil, Grapefruit Oil, Lavender Oil, Rosemary Eucalyptus, Chamomile Suggestions for Blood Type A skin… Ylang Ylang, Bergamot, Peppermint, Lime, Grapefruit, Green Tea, Lavender, Chamomile Suggestions for Blood Type B skin… … Continue reading

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Interesting A’s

“The present study sought to expand the limited evidence that sexual orientation is influenced by genetic factors. This was accomplished by seeking statistical differences between heterosexuals and homosexuals for four traits that are known to be genetically determined: eye color, natural hair color, blood type, and the Rhesus factor. Using a sample of over 7,000 U.S. and Canadian college students supplemented with additional homosexual subjects obtained through internet contacts, we found no significant differences between heterosexuals and homosexuals regarding eye color or hair color. In the case of blood type and the Rh factor, however, interesting patterns emerged. Heterosexual males and females exhibited statistically identical frequencies of the A blood type, while gay men exhibited a relatively low incidence and lesbians had a relatively high incidence (p < .05). In the case of the Rh factor, unusually high proportions of homosexuals of both sexes were Rh- when compared to heterosexuals (p < .06). The findings suggest that a connection may exist between sexual orientation and genes both on chromosome 9 (where blood type is determined) and on chromosome 1 (where the Rh factor is regulated).”

Link to the Abstract below…

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18074215

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Can Your Birth Month Have Something To Do With Your Blood Type?

A possible relationship between birth month and ABO blood type
 

* Please take a moment to vote below on our poll regarding blood type & your birth month.

This should be interesting…

http://rhesusnegativebloodgroup.com/poll-birth-month-blood-type-correlation/

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Top 6 Groups Of People With A, B, AB & O

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Blood Type A, most commonly seen in: Blackfoot Indians, Sami People, The Andamanese, The Kikuyu, Armenian‘s and Maoris. * Please click on the highlighted links above for more information regarding the individual groups of people. Chart based on out of … Continue reading

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Blood & Gourd

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     In January 1793, the king of France, Louis XVI was executed for high treason. It is told that many citizens went up onto the scaffold to moisten their handkerchiefs in the blood and kept them as a souvenir of his … Continue reading

Life of a RBC

Life of a Red Blood Cell (RBC)

The RBC lifetime is about 120 days


The life cycle of a Red Blood Cell.

a) Kidneys respond to a lower than normal oxygen concentration in the blood by releasing the hormone erythropoietin
b) Erythropoietin travels to the red bone marrow and stimulates an increase in the production of red blood cells (RBCs)
c) The red bone marrow manufactures RBCs from stem cells that live inside the marrow. 
d) RBCs squeeze through blood vessel membranes to enter the circulation. 
e) The heart and lungs work to supply continuous movement and oxygenation of RBCs. 
f) Damaged or old RBCs are destroyed primarily by the spleen.

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Possible ABO Genotypes


ABO Genotypes Possible From Various Matings


Group A and B Subgroups

The serum of group B persons contains two antibodies: anti A and anti A1. By proper absorption, the two antibodies can be separated. Cells of group A that react with anti A1 are part of the subgroup A1. Cells that react with anti A but not with antiA fall into subgroups weaker than A1, thus being classified as A2.

Subgroup A1 : Makes up to 80 Percent of the A gene pool and most of the H is changed to A antigen because of the large number of antigen sites on the cells.

Subgroup A2: make up 20 percent of the A gene pool, and have less H changed to A antigen because of the smaller amount of sites on the cells compared to A1. Could produce anti A1. 

*** Subgroups of B are rare in most populations. They are usually recognized by variations in the strength of a reaction with anti B. There is no reagent available to distinguish among them. The patient’s serum may contain anti B antibodies.

ABO antibodies and antigens

Antibodies produced by exposure to antigens  (bacteria and plants) are not seen until four to six months old. The anti A and anti B found in the serum of a newborns is of maternal origin. In healthy individuals, ABO antibodies are always present peaking at age five to ten years.

Percentage of ABO Antigens and Antibodies in United States Populations

Group Red Cell Antigens Antibodies % of U.S. Population
O No A or B antigens Anti A, Anti B, & Anti A,B 50
AB A & B No antibodies 4
A1 A & A1 Anti B 30
A2 A Anti B (may develop anti A1) 1
B B Anti A & Anti A1 15


***ABO antigen frequency can vary in other populations with different ethnic mixes.

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Genotype Diet, Allergies, etc. for A1, A2, B, & O Types

DNA

The Human Genome

 

human_genome

Image by abekat via Flickr

The human genome is the complete list of coded instructions needed to make a human.

~ There are 4 types of nucleotide base: A- adenine, T- thymine, C- cytosine, G- guanine.

~ The total number of human genes is estimated to be between 30,000 – 40,000.

Worms have 19,098 genes, fruit flies have 13,602 and yeast has 6,034.

~ The vast majority of the DNA in the genome (>97%) has no known function.

~ The functions remain unknown for over 50% of discovered genes.

~ Chromosome 1 has the most genes (2,968) and chromosome Y has the least (231).

~ There are 100 trillion cells in your body.

~ If unwound and tied together, the strands of DNA in one cell would stretch 6 feet.

~ 12,000 letters of DNA are decoded by human genome project computers every second.

~ The entire human genome requires more than 3 gigabytes of computer storage space.

~ To sequence the human genome, researchers collected a large number of blood samples from females and sperm from males. A few of these samples were then chosen at random for sequencing. The identities of the sample sources have never been disclosed, either to the donors or to the scientists. 

 

Artificial Blood

Plastic Blood Additives and Stem Cells?

What is artificial blood?

Blood produced from stem cells and can be manufactured as type “O-negative”, which is produced by only 7 % of the World and is suitable for use in up to 98 % of population.

A success story…

“A French doctor has completed the first-ever artificial blood transfusion after extracting stem cells from a patient‘s bone marrow, which were then used to grow the red blood cells under laboratory settings. After five days, 94 to 100 percent of the blood cells remained circulating in the body. After 26 days, 41 to 63 percent remained, which is a normal survival rate for naturally produced blood cells. The cells carried oxygen throughout the patient’s body, just as normal red blood cells would.”

What is Oxygent?

Often used as an “additive” during blood transfusions

One of the newest chemical blood type products known as an artificial blood addictive. Synthetic substitutes for human blood have been a goal for a long time.